Written Composition Study 1985
The Written Composition Study (WCS85) aimed to study examined teaching and learning of written composition in the schools in order to identify the beliefs and conventions associated with written composition.
Background and aim
Beside the main aim the study also endeavored to find factors explaining differences and patterns in the performance of written composition and other outcomes, with particular attention being paid to cultural background, curriculum, and teaching practices. Six types of writing were assessed (reflective, personal, philosophic, argumentative, persuasive, and literary) on four dimensions: style and tone, overall impression, content, and organization. The data were collected in 1985.
Target Population
The study included three populations: students near the end of primary schooling, students near the end of compulsory schooling, and students near the end of academic secondary school.
Participating Educational Systems
Chile, England, Finland, Hamburg-Germany (FRG), Hungary, Indonesia, Italy, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Sweden, Thailand, United States, Wales.
Link to IEA website
Studies before 1995
- Pilot Twelve-Country Study (External link)
- First International Mathematics Study 1964 (External link)
- Six Subject Survey 1970 (External link)
- Second International Mathematics Study 1980 (External link)
- Second International Science Study 1984 (External link)
- Reading Literacy Study 1991 (External link)