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| Författare |
Björn Kadesjö Christopher Gillberg |
|---|---|
| Publicerad i | Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines |
| Volym | 42 |
| Nummer/häfte | 04 |
| Sidor | 487-492 |
| ISSN | 0021-9630 |
| Publiceringsår | 2001 |
| Publicerad vid |
Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa, Avdelningen för barn- och ungdomspsykiatri |
| Sidor | 487-492 |
| Språk | en |
| Ämnesord | Adaptation, Psychological Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Complications, Psychology Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders, Etiology, Psychology, Child, Comorbidity, Cross-Sectional Studies, Developmental Disabilities, Etiology, Psychology, Female, Humans, Learning Disorders, Male |
| Ämneskategorier | Medicin och Hälsovetenskap, Psykiatri |
This study examined patterns of comorbid/associated diagnoses and associated problems in a population sample of children with and without DSM-III-R attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Half (N = 409) of a mainstream school population of Swedish 7-year-olds were clinically examined, and parents and teachers were interviewed and completed questionnaires. The children were followed up 2–4 years later. Eighty-seven per cent of children meeting full criteria for ADHD (N = 15) had one or more—and 67% at least two—comorbid diagnoses. The most common comorbidities were oppositional defiant disorder and developmental coordination disorder. Children with subthreshold ADHD (N = 42) also had very high rates of comorbid diagnoses (71% and 36%), whereas those without ADHD (N = 352) had much lower rates (17% and 3%). The rate of associated school adjustment, learning, and behaviour problems at follow-up was very high in the ADHD groups. We concluded that pure ADHD is rare even in a general population sample. Thus, studies reporting on ADHD cases without comorbidity probably refer to highly atypical samples. By and large, such studies cannot inform rational clinical decisions.
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